These geology flash cards cover the aspects and types of different minerals.
There are 36 flash cards in this set (6 pages to print.)
To use:
1. Print out the cards.
2. Cut along the dashed lines.
3. Fold along the solid lines.
Sample flash cards in this set:
| Questions | Answers |
|---|---|
| Minerals | Substances that are found naturally in the earth and have a crystalline structure |
| Mineralogy | The branch of geology that deals with the identification and classification of minerals |
| Native Element | Substances that exist naturally in the earth's crust as a single, uncombined element |
| Halides | Compounds made with the elements fluoride, chlorine, bromine iodine, or astatine |
| Crystals | Geometric structures that are composed of atoms or molecules and have an orderly arrangement |
| Silicates | Largest group of elements: make up over 90% of the earth's crust. |
| Diamond | The hardest naturally-occurring substance known |
| Luster | The way light is reflected from the surface of a mineral |
| Cleavage | Producing fragments with the same shape as the parent mineral |
| Mined | Extracted from the earth |
| Metallurgy | Extraction of metals from the earth and preparing to use them |
| Direct Iron Reduction | Uses methane gas instead of coke to refine iron |
| Diamond Pipes | Narrow, verticle underground deposits that resemble the vents of extinct volcano |
| Semiprecious Stones | Gems that are not as rare, durable, or esteemed as precious stones |
| Simulant Gemstones | Imitation stones |
| Synthetic Gemstones | Identical to their natural counterparts in appearance and chemical content |
| Petrology | The branch of geology that is concerned with the origin, composition, and structure of rock |
| Rock | The hardest material that makes up the earth's crust |
| Igneous Rock | Formed from solidified magma |
| Sedimentary Rock | Formed from sediments cemented together by water, pressure, and chemical action |
| concretion | Hard, round structures that form when minerals settle out of water and crystallize around a sand grain or other mineral fragment |
| Stratum | Horizontal rock layer that has a different type of rock layer above it |
| Mechanical Sediments | Sand, clay, or rock fragments that are transported by physical means and deposited in a thick layer elsewhere |
| Evaporites | Chemical sediments that result from the evaporation of water |
| Salt Domes | Huge, cylindrical structures deep underground |
| Fossil Fuel | Fuel derived from once-living things |
| Bituminous Coal | Soft coal: the most common form of coal |
| Physical Weathering | The breakdown of large rocks into fragments by physical force, such as ice, rapid temperature change, wind or water |
| Ice wedging | When rain water or melted ice soaks into tiny cracks in a rock and freezes; the sudden expansion of the ice as it freezes can split the rock |
| Exfoliation | breaking down or peeling away of rock in layers |
| Chemical Weathering | when minerals in rock react chemically with air or water, the mineral may weaken or dissolve away |
| Erosion | Physical processes like wind or running water carry away rock fragments |
| Drainage Basin | the region of land drained by a river system |
| Floodplain | level land that borders a river and is covered by river water in flood time |
| Levees | ridge constructed to confine a river to its channel and prevent extensive flooding |
| Delta | fan shaped or triangular deposit extending from the mouth of the river into the sea |
